The United Nations Peacebuilding Commission was established by the UN Security Council and General Assembly on December 20th, 2005 through resolutions 60/180 and 1645.

Under Chapter VII of the Charter, the Security Council can take enforcement measures to maintain or restore international peace and security. Such measures range from economic and/or other sanctions not involving the use of armed force to international military action.

The United Nation's Counter-Terrorism and Non-Proliferation Committees consists of two commttees. There are the Counter-Terrorism Committee and the 1540 Committee.

Peacekeeping operations have had mandates ranging from traditional methods of resolving disputes peacefully under Chapter VI, such as promoting reconciliation, assisting with the implementation of a peace agreement, or performing mediation and good offices, and more forceful action as authorized under Chapter VII which can authorize a range of measures including the use of force under Article 42 of the Charter. 

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) is a United Nations (UN) court of law prosecuting individuals for genocide and other mass atrocities that occurred in the territory Rwanda from January 1, 1994 to December 31, 1994 [1]. The ICTY was established by the Security Council on November 8, 1994 by Resolution 955 in accordance with Chapter VII of the UN Charter[2].

Crimes of Sexual Violence

The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) is a United Nations court of law dealing with war crimes that took place during the conflicts in the Balkans in the 1990’s. Since its establishment in 1993 it has irreversibly changed the landscape of international humanitarian law and provided victims an opportunity to voice the horrors they witnessed and experienced.

The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. At its heart are the WTO agreements, negotiated and signed by the bulk of the world’s trading nations and ratified in their parliaments. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business.

The IAEA is widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization within the United Nations family. Set up in 1957 as the world's centre for cooperation in the nuclear field, the Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies.

The Human Rights Council is a subsidiary body of the General Assembly and was established in 2006 in order to address human rights abuses and create a forum for policy recommendations. The Council has also adopted the role of the former Commission on Human Rights in addressing thematic and country specific topics.

Women's Rights

The practice of peacekeeping began in 1948. Peacekeeping is one among a range of activities undertaken by the United Nations and other international actors to maintain international peace and security throughout the world.