Scorecard of United Kingdom 2015-01-01 00:00:00

United Kingdom 2015
64.8

International Actions

58.8%
Security Council Actions

41.2%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in All Security Council Open Debates

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 7 out of 17 Open Debates in 2015 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
Comment

WILPF/PeaceWomen themes covered:
General Women, Peace and Security: 6/17;
Conflict Prevention: 4/17;
Disarmament: 1/17;
Displacement and Humanitarian Response: 1/17;
Participation: 4/17;
Peace Processes: 5 /17;
Peacekeeping: 1/17;
Protection: 5/17;
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding: 4/17;
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: 4/17;
Implementation: 2/17;
Justice, Rule of Law, SSR: 2/17;
Human Rights: 5/17.

S/PV.7533: "First, in arranging all future peacebuilding events hosted by the United Kingdom, we will identify women involved in the conflict and shine a torch on them to ensure that their voices are heard. We will promote the active participation of women in such peacebuilding discussions through political and/or financial support. We will also provide support, including lobbying, at the highest levels, to ensure that women’s voices are represented in wider peace processes, negotiations and State-building. We will also provide support at the local levels so as to build the capacity of women to participate effectively. Second, the United Kingdom will contribute $1 million of start-up funding to the Global Acceleration Instrument for Women, Peace and Security and Humanitarian Action to help address the global deficit in funding for the implementation of the resolution. We will also provide additional funding of over $800,000, each year for two years, to support new research at the Centre for Women, Peace and Security at the London School of Economics, bringing total Government funding from the United Kingdom for the Centre to over $3 million."

MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of all Security Council open debates per year.

0.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Threats Caused by Terrorist Acts

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 0 out of 2 Open Debates on the threats caused by terrorist acts in 2015 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the threats caused by terrorist acts.

50.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Maintenance of International Peace and Security

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 3 out of 6 Open Debates on the maintenance of international peace and security in 2015 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
Comment

WILPF/PeaceWomen themes covered:
General Women, Peace and Security: 3/6;
Conflict Prevention: 2/6;
Disarmament: 0/6;
Displacement and Humanitarian Response: 0/6;
Participation: 2/6;
Peace Processes: 3/6;
Peacekeeping: 0/6;
Protection: 1/6;
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding: 3/6;
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: 0/6;
Implementation: 1/6;
Justice, Rule of Law, SSR: 2/6;
Human Rights: 3/6.

S/PV.7361: "Inclusivity is meaningless without women’s active participation in political institutions, peace negotiations and policymaking. Without women, we will only achieve unbalanced and unsustainable peace that ignores the needs of half the population. It is now nearly 15 years since the adoption of landmark resolution 1325 (2000), which for the first time recognised the unique impact that conflict has on women, as well as the significant contribution women can make to conflict prevention, resolution and peacebuilding."

MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the maintenance of international peace and security.

100.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Protection of Civilians

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 1 out of 1 Open Debates on the Protection of Civilians in 2015 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
Comment

WILPF/PeaceWomen themes covered:
General Women, Peace and Security: 1/1;
Conflict Prevention: 0/1;
Disarmament: 0/1;
Displacement and Humanitarian Response: 0/1;
Participation: 0/1;
Peace Processes: 0/1;
Peacekeeping: 0/1;
Protection: 1/1;
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding: 0/1;
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: 1/1;
Implementation: 0/1;
Justice, Rule of Law, SSR: 0/1;
Human Rights: 1/1.

S/PV.7374: "The protection of civilians by peacekeepers must address the needs of women and girls as well as men and boys."

MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the protection of civilians.

100.0%
The Use of Veto

CriteriaA state should not apply its veto right.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

The United Kingdom used its veto right 0 times out of 2 vetoed draft resolutions in 2015.

Methodology100% - No veto right was used;
75% - A state uses its veto right in less than (or equals to) 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (no gender-sensitive language);
50% - A state uses its veto right in more than 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (no gender-sensitive language);
25% - A state uses its veto right in less than (or equals to) 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (with gender-sensitive language);
0% - A state uses its veto right in more than 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (with gender-sensitive language).

61.5%
Commitments Intended to Strengthen the Implementation of the WPS Agenda

CriteriaAll WILPF/PeaceWomen themes should be covered in the WPS commitments.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisIn its statements made at the 2015 Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security, the United Kingdom covered the following WILPF/PeaceWomen themes:
General Women, Peace and Security
Conflict Prevention
Disarmament
Participation
Peace Processes
Protection
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence
Peacekeeping
Displacement and Humanitarian Response
Human Rights
Justice, Rule of Law and Security Sector Reform
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding
Implementation
Comment

Peacebuilding and Participation:
Will promote the active participation of women such peacebuilding discussions through political and/or financial support. Will provide support, including lobbying, at the highest levels, to ensure that women’s voices are represented in wider peace processes, negotiations and State-building. Will also provide support at the local levels so as to build the capacity of women to participate effectively.

Security Sector:
Will ensure that all future relevant military doctrine is gender-sensitive. By November 2016, all United Kingdom troops deployed on overseas missions will receive training on women and peace and security and on preventing sexual violence.

Conflict Assessment:
Will ensure that by September 2016, all of its early warning and joint conflict analysis and assessment tools are fully gender-sensitive.

Sexual Violence in Conflict:
Will drive forward the preventing sexual violence in conflict initiative, by tackling impunity for sexual violence crimes, while ensuring widespread implementation of the international protocol on the documentation and investigation of sexual violence in conflict.

Protection:
Will encourage greater support for survivors, including children and men, and it will work with other Governments to deliver a more effective multilateral response. Will champion the road map to action to protect women and girls in emergencies and help secure positive outcomes for women and girls at the World Humanitarian Summit in 2016.

National Action Plans:
Will continue to provide technical and other support to help other Governments develop, implement and measure the impact of their own action plans on resolution 1325 (2000) and also help Iraq and Afghanistan implement their action plans.

Combating Violent Extremism:
Will ensure that overseas work to counter violent extremism includes upstream activity targeted specifically at women. Women will be at the centre of the delivery of programming of overseas extremism work, both nationally and locally.

Financial Commitments:
Will contribute $1 million of start-up funding to the Global Acceleration Instrument for Women, Peace and Security and Humanitarian Action to help address the global deficit in funding for the implementation of the resolution. Will provide additional funding of over $800,000, each year for two years, to support new research at the Centre for Women, Peace and Security at the London School of Economics, bringing total Government funding from the United Kingdom for the Centre to over $3 million.
 

MethodologyThe number of WILPF/PeaceWomen themes emphasised in a statement identifies the final percentage received by a state

46.0%
Women, Peace and Security Financing

46.0%
Balance Between UN Women Total Contribution and Arms Sales Revenue

CriteriaTotal contribution to UN Women should increase overtime while Arms Sales Revenue should decrease overtime.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Arms Transfer Revenue: $1,214,000,000
__________________________________________
UN Women Government Total Contribution: $22,500,000

The United Kingdom receives 46% due to the high difference between the Arms Transfer Revenue and UN Women Total Contribution.

Comment

Arms Transfer Revenue in 2014: $1,644,000,000
__________________________________________
UN Women Government Total Contribution in 2014: $24,700,000

The UK did not specify dedicated resources for Women, Peace and Security work (other than in the multilateral stream of the CSSF), on the grounds that it would discourage attempts to mainstream gender into all activities. Although the commitment to mainstreaming gender equality is laudable – and should continue – GAPS believes it should be complemented by allocating dedicated resources for Women, Peace and Security.

GAPS welcomes the UK’s commitment to provide $1 million USD start-up funding to the GAI, announced at the UN High-level Review;

The UK Aid Strategy released in November 2015, is somewhat light-touch on WPS issues, given the commitment to increase emphasis on fragile states and the
prioritisation of the needs of women and girls;

In Syria, the UK is providing support to a security and justice programme, which aims to empower security and justice providers in partnership with local stakeholders. Addressing the security needs of women is a priority, and the programme is working to increase the numbers of women in the Free Syrian Police. 

MethodologyA grade varies depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative consistency in spendings, ratio between the arms transfer revenue and the UN Women contribution, etc.):
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (90-100%);
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (79-89%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (68-78%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (57-67%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (46-56%);
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (35-45%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (24-34%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (13-23%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (0-12%).

88.2%
International Gender and Human Rights Indicators

85.6%
Ranking via Gender Inequality Index (GII)

CriteriaA state should be ranked first in the Gender Inequality Index (GII).
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom was ranked 28 among 188 participating countries in 2015.
Comment

The United Kingdom was ranked 28th.

Methodology100% is received by a state that is ranked 1st; 0% is received by a state that is ranked last.

88.2%
Ranking via Global Gender Gap Index

CriteriaA state should be ranked first in the Gender Gap Index.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom was was ranked 18 among 145 participating countries in 2015.
Methodology100% is received by a state that is ranked 1st; 0% is received by a state that is ranked last.

90.9%
Ratification of International Human Rights Treaties

CriteriaA state ratifies all international human rights gender-sensitive treaties.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom has signed and possibly ratified the following International Human Rights Treaties in 2015:
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - signed
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - ratified
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - signed
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - ratified
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - signed
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - ratified
Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages - signed
Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages - ratified
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women - signed
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women - ratified
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women - signed
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women - ratified
Protocol to Prevent, Supress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, to The Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime - signed
Protocol to Prevent, Supress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, to The Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime - ratified
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others - signed
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others - ratified
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War - signed
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War - ratified
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) - signed
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) - ratified
Arms Trade Treaty - signed
Arms Trade Treaty - ratified
Methodology100% is received by a state that has signed and ratified all International Human Rights Treaties. Ratification of a treaty provides a state with a full point; a signature (without ratification) provides a state with half of a point.
11 - 99-100%;
10 - 90%;
9 - 81%;
8 - 72%;
7 - 63%;
6 - 54%;
5 - 45%;
4 - 36%;
3 - 27%;
2 - 18%;
1 - 9%;
0 - 0%

55.9%
Peacekeeping Operations

11.8%
Contribution of Troops, Police and Military Experts

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in peacekeeping.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom provided 17 women out of 289 peacekeepers in 2015.
Comment

Women from the United Kingdom are on duty in the following peacekeeping missions: 

MINUSMA (0),

MONUSCO (0),

UNFICYP (15),

UNMISS (2).

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in peacekeeping, a state that ensures 50% of its personnel are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a score that depends on the percentage of female personnel contributed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.
Data is provided by the United Nations (Department of Peacekeeping Operations).

100.0%
Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) Allegedly Committed by Peacekeepers

CriteriaThere should be a "zero tolerance" policy with respect to sexual exploitation and abuse.
Note*: Information on SEA is gathered based on publicly available information. Official statistics are available starting from 2015.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Peacekeepers from the United Kingdom were involved in 0 out of 106 allegations against civilian, military, police and other peacekeeping personnel in 2015.
 

Comment

S/PV.7464: "That need for ever-greater transparency and accountability was also a prominent feature of yesterday’s peace operations review panel and, as was said then in relation to allegations of sexual exploitation and abuse, zero tolerance must mean zero tolerance. All troop-contributing countries must robustly follow up any such allegations involving their troops and report back to the United Nations."

Press statement SC/12010 on Sexual Exploitation and Abuse and the Central African Republic was adopted by consensus. 

MethodologyIn line with the UN "zero tolerance" policy, at least one allegation of sexual abuse provides a state with 0%.
states that have not been involved in the SEA allegations receives 100%.
National Actions

57.4%
Prevention

85.0%
Partnership Between Womens Civil Society Organisations and the Government

CriteriaThere should be a funded and governmentally-supported women's civil society landscape.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Governmental support for women's civil society:
- Engagement in joint government/NGO efforts: Yes
- Funding provided by the government: Yes

The United Kingdom receives 85% because:
Even though the government is engaged in collabouration with women's civil society and provides financial support to women's organisations, the number of projects on the WPS Agenda in existence is low, and mass-surveillance - in accordance with national security and anti-terrorisim efforts - restricts civil society freedoms (i.e.: freedom of the press, freedom of public association).

Comment

Key women's organisation's (Women's Resource Centre) efforts in regard to gender issues include the following:
- Number of conferences: 20+;
- Number of publications: 10 (project reports);
- Social services provided: Support member women NGOs to be more effective and sustainable through training, and we lobby the government on their behalf on a range of women’s issues.

Types of social support provided:
Education: Yes
Anti-violence: Yes
Women's empowerment: Yes
Gender-related training: Yes
Political participation: Yes
Anti-human trafficking: Yes
Women's health: Yes
Lobbying and policymaking: Yes
Fundraising: Yes

Number of officially registered NGO charities by year:
2015: 165,290.

The Women's Resource Centre is the leading national umbrella body for women's charities, with over 500 members. The centre provides training, information, resources and one-to-one support on a range of organisational development issues while also lobbying decision makers on behalf of the women’s not-for-profit sector for improved representation and funding.

The UK's Department for International Development has committed 85.10% (£502.5m) in aid to governmental and civil society organisations/projects. Out of this amount, 6.83% (£34.3m) is committed to women's organisations and institutions.

The UK hosted the following high-level events in 2015:
- UN Women UK and Government Equalities Office Conference;
- Women, Gender and Political Leadership: One Day Workshop;
- "Women of the Future" Summit;
- Women's Engagement Roadshow;
- Girl Summit anniversary: one year on;
- Women in policing;
- Chicks with bricks: Championing women in the construction industry.

MethodologyWhen there is both financial support from the government and active collabouration between the government and civil society, a state receives from 80% to 100% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is either only financial support from the government or only active collabouration between the government and civil society, a state receives from 60% to 79% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is neither financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and where there are no restrictions applied on womens organisation, a state receives from 40% to 59% depending on circumstances (i.e.: kinds of services provided by civil society, etc.);

When there is neither both financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and when government provides services for women, a state receives from 20% to 39% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is neither financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and when there are several restrictions on civil society, a state receives from 0% to 19% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.).

60.0%
Special Gender-Specific Training of Security and Law Enforcement Personnel

CriteriaSpecial gender-specific training for law enforcement and security sector should exist.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom implemented the following training standards in 2015:
Assessment of gender-sensitive training is present
Overall training objective is gender sensitive
Gender parity among trainers and trainees
Women's organisations or gender-related societal leaders are engaged to provide contextual perspective on gender within the security sector
Follow-up communication and gender-related knowledge dissemination methods are established
MethodologyThe criteria is determined in line with the UN Women guidelines (developed in partnership with the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) and the European Union).
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

84.6%
National Action Plan on the Implementation of UNSC Resolution 1325 bases on WPS Themes

CriteriaA state has implemented a 1325 National Action Plan. All WILPF/PeaceWomen themes should be covered.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom implements UNSC Resolution 1325 and covers following Peacewomen Themes 2015:
General Women, Peace and Security
Conflict Prevention
Disarmament
Participation
Peace Processes
Protection
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence
Peacekeeping
Displacement and Humanitarian Response
Human Rights
Justice, Rule of Law and Security Sector Reform
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding
Implementation
Comment

The 2014 draft presents three principles and a four "outcomes" that match the main pillars of UNSCR 1325.

Principles:
Women’s participation is needed to make and build peace and prevent conflict breaking out;

Women and girls suffer specific forms of violence in conflict and emergencies;

In emergencies and conflict situations, women and girls have specific needs which need to be met.

Pillars:
Participation: Inclusion of women and girls' interests in decision-making processes related to the prevention, management and resolution of conflicts.

Protection: Women and girls' safety, physical and mental health and economic security are assured and their human rights upheld.

Prevention: Prevention of conflict and all forms of structural and physical violence against women and girls, including sexual and gender-based violence.

Relief and Recovery: Women’s and girls’ specific needs are met in conflict and post-conflict situations.

Action:
There are no activities in the draft 2014 draught NAP, but the UK commits itself to include them in the final draft by the end of 2014.

Timeframe:
UK's draft 2014 NAP is for the period 2014-2017, but does not provide specific timeframes for the outcomes it describes.

NAP Budget:
There is no estimated or allocated budget in the 2014 draft NAP. In fact, the UK NAP explains their decision to keep a budget out of the NAP in order to prevent a budget from confining them to implement women, peace and security to one area when they believe it should be integrated into every sector.

The UK NAP does mention its intent to allocate a budget for monitoring and evaluation.

MethodologyThe grade is determined on the basis of a number of WILPF/PeaceWomen themes that are emphasized in a 1325 National Action Plan (NAP). A NAP that emphasizes all WILPF/PeaceWomen themes receives 100%.

0.0%
Balance between the 1325 National Action Plan (NAP) Budget and Military Expenditure.

CriteriaThe 1325 National Action Plan budget should increase overtime while military expenditure should decrease overtime.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Military Expenditure: $55,460,000,000
______
There is no estimated or allocated budget in the 2014 UK National Action Plan.

Comment

Military Expenditure in 2014: $59,183,000,000
______
There is no estimated or allocated budget in the 2014 draft NAP. In fact, the UK NAP explains their decision to keep a budget out of the NAP in order to prevent a budget from confining them to implement women, peace and security to one area when they believe it should be integrated into every sector.

The UK NAP does mention its intent to allocate a budget for monitoring and evaluation.

MethodologyA grade varies depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative consistency in spendings, ratio between the NAP budget and military expenditure, etc.):

NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure decreases (90-100%)
NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure does not change (79-89%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure decreases (68-78%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure does not change (57-67%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure decreases (46-56%)
NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure increases (35-45%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure does not change (24-34%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure increases (13-23%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure increases (1-12%)
No NAP/No NAP Budget (0%)

59.7%
Participation

46.9%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Parliament

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in Parliament.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Women made up 23.45% of the Parliament.

Comment

Lower:22.8%;
Upper:24.1%.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in Parliament, a state that ensures 50% of its parliamentarians are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female parliamentarians employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

46.0%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Ministerial Positions

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in ministerial positions.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

23% of ministerial positions were held by women.ial positions.

Comment

Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.29.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in the ministerial positions, a state that ensures 50% of its ministers are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female ministers employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

56.4%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Law Enforcement

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in law enforcement
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

28.2% of law enforcement positions were held by women.

Comment

Senior-ranked female chief inspectors: 21.4%;
Constable-ranked female officers: 30.2%.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in law enforcement, a state that ensures 50% of its law enforcement agents are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female law enforcement agents employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.
Resources

"Police workforce, England and Wales: 2015," The government of the UK

*Note: Police Service Statistical Strength resource assesses data from only England and Wales.

50.0%
Percentage of Women's Participation in the Judiciary

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in the judiciary.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

25% of judges in the United Kingdom were women.

Comment

Female: 817;
Male: 2,421.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in the judiciary, a state that ensures 50% of its judges are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female judges employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

70.0%
Percentage of Women's Participation in the Labour Force

CriteriaWomen should have equal access to employment opportunities.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Women's labour participation rate was 70%.
 

Comment

Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.86.

Unemployment rate (percentage of female/male labour force):
Female: 70%;
Male: 8.2%.

Estimated earned income (PPP US$):
Female: 27,112;
Male: 40,000;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.68.

Legislators, senior officials, and managers (%):
Female: 35, Male: 65;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.55.

Professional and technical workers (%):
Female: 49, Male: 51;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.97.

MethodologyData collected from the Gender Gap Index (GGI) on the basis of its methodology.

89.0%
Access to Education

CriteriaThere should be equal access to all levels of education.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Enrolment in primary education: 100%;

Enrolment in secondary education: 98%;

Enrolment in tertiary education: 69%.
 

Comment

The enrolment difference between males and females is provided below (The theoretical maximum value is 100%. Increasing trends are considered a reflection of improving coverage at the specified level of education):

Literacy rate (%):
Female: 99;
Male: 99;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.

Enrolment in primary education:
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.

Enrolment in secondary education:
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.01.

Enrolment in tertiary education:
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.35.

MethodologyData collected from the Gender Gap Index (GGI) and UNESCO, developed on the basis of their respective methodologies.

79.5%
Protection

66.7%
Presence of Gendered Perspective in Legal Framework

CriteriaGender should be mainstreamed throughout legal framework in accordance with the international law.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis Legal framework in the United Kingdom includes the following gender-sensitive laws and constitutional provisions in 2015:
Women and men are guaranteed the rights to vote, to hold public office, and to exercise public functions
Gender perspective incorporated into the constitution
Women and men are guaranteed the right to non-discrimination in education, employment and economic, and social activities
Women and men are guaranteed full equality in civil and business matters
Women and men are guaranteed equal rights and obligations with regard to choice of spouse, parenthood, personal rights, and command over property
Women and men are guaranteed reproductive rights
Women and men are guaranteed equal pay for equal work
Women and men are guaranteed the right to live lives free from violence
Gender sensitive laws and constitutional previsions
Comment

While gender perspectives within the legal frameworks exist, they are not always fully effective, and discrimination (i.e.: gender, racial, and economic discrimination) can cause some groups to have disproportionate challenges equally accessing justice and utilising their rights.

Unlike many other nations, the United Kingdom has no single constitutional document, and is instead the sum of laws and principles that make up the "unwritten" constitution of the United Kingdom.

The Constitution guarantees equal treatment based on gender, while additionally including provisions for potential positive action based on gender.

Presence of gender perspective in the UK Constitution:
- European Communities Act (1972);
- Human Rights Act (1998).

Presence of gender perspective in the UK Legal framework:
- Equal Pay Act (1970);
- Sex Discrimination Act (1975);
- Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations (2003);
- UK Equality Act 2006;
- UK Gender Equality Duty 2007;
- UK Equality Act 2007;
- The Maternity and Parental Leave etc. and the Paternity and Adoption Leave (Amendment) Regulations (2006);
- UK Equality Act 2010;
- UK Equality Strategy – Building a Fairer Britain (2006 –2016);
- UK Strategy “Think, Act, Report” (Gender Equality in the Workplace);
- Equal Pay Act (1970);
- Sex Discrimination Act (1975);
- Maternity Leave and Pay Regulations (1975);
- Paternity Leave and Pay Regulations (2003);
- Flexible Working Regulations (2003);
- Equality Act (2010);
- The UK Government has established a new Inter-Ministerial Group on Equalities to develop and oversee implementation of a strategy to deliver the Government's equality commitments (2011);
- Multi-agency statutory guidance on female genital mutilation (2016);
- Strategy to end violence against women and girls: 2016 to 2020.

Methodology8 - 100%
7 - 87.5%
6 - 75%
5 - 62.5%
4 - 50%
3 - 37.5%
2 - 25%
1 - 12.5%
0 - 0%

Necessary legal framework is determined in accordance with the principles of the core human rights treaties (i.e.: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)).

71.4%
Access to Justice

CriteriaWomen's unrestricted access to justice exists.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis The following protections are guaranteed by the United Kingdom in 2015:
Equal access to formal legal dispute systems and the right to legal representation
Non-discrimination law
Existence of courts and judicial bodies
Financial affordability of access to legal proceedings and/or legal aid
Free access to an interpreter during legal proceedings
Victim protection
Existence of gender units within justice institutions
Comment

While legal frameworks exist, they are not always fully effective, and discrimination (i.e.: gender, racial, and economic discrimination) can cause some groups to have disproportionate challenges equally accessing justice and utilising their rights.

MethodologyThe necessary protections represent the CEDAW standard on women's access to justice.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%"

100.0%
Protections Against Human Trafficking

CriteriaA state should be in compliance with minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking in persons.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 is in:
Complete compliance with the minimum standards
Partial compliance with the minimum standards
Non-compliance with the minimum standards
Comment

The government of the United Kingdom fully complies with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. In 2014, the government issued its first modern slavery strategy, reviewed and made recommendations to improve its victim identification mechanism, and launched a pilot programme to strengthen protections for child trafficking victims. The government prosecuted and convicted an increased number of traffickers, appointed an anti-slavery commissioner to coordinate anti-trafficking efforts, and passed the Modern Slavery Act in March 2015. While authorities continued to identify a large number of potential trafficking victims, the victim identification and referral system failed to assist many victims of trafficking, particularly children. Government funding for specialised services remained limited. Some victims were detained and prosecuted for crimes committed as a result of being subjected to trafficking. 

MethodologyAdherence is measured in accordance with the “Palermo Protocols” and grading system developed by the US state Department’s annual report on trafficking in persons.
Full compliance: 100%
Partial Compliance: 50%
Non-Compliance: 0%

80.0%
Protections Against Sexual Violence.

CriteriaA state should be in compliance with minimum standards for the elimination of sexual violence.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 has the following services in place:
Existence of a law against sexual violence
Governmental efforts to eliminate sexual violence nationally
Existence of a national crisis hotline
Existence of women's shelters
Existence of women's rape crisis centres
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of sexual violence exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective. 

As part of the UK Government's Ending Gang and Youth Violence Programme, they provided £1.2 million over 3 years (from 2012 to 2015) for 13 young people’s advocates to support young people at risk of or suffering sexual violence and/or sexual exploitation, particularly by gangs.

The UK Government funded 87 independent sexual violence adviser posts (ISVAs) to work with victims of recent and historic serious sexual crimes to get the help they need.

MethodologyThe standard is derived from the CEDAW and Istanbul Convention.
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

73.0%
Recovery Support

80.0%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes Serving the Needs of Veterans

CriteriaDedicated programmes for female veterans should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 provides the following services:
Female veterans affairs offices exist in urban and rural areas
Economic benefits (i.e. disability, housing) exist
Health service benefits (i.e. free veterans health insurance, gender-sensitive PTSD care) exist
Educational benefits exist
Employment services exist
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of human trafficking exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective. 

Since 1921, the British Royal Legion provided practical support to serving men and women, veterans (ex-service of all ages) and their families. 

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the international concept of the responsibility to protect. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

83.3%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes to Support Survivors of Sexual Violence

CriteriaDedicated programmes for survivors of sexual violence should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 provides the following services:
National crisis hotline
Women's shelters
Women's rape crisis centres
Counseling services
National sex-offender list or website
Support groups for victims/survivors
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of sexual violence exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism is not fully effective. 

England:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline.

Wales:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline.

Northern Ireland:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline.

Scotland:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the CEDAW, Istanbul Convention and Beijing Platform for Action. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
6 - 100%
5 - 83%
4 - 66%
3 - 49%
2 - 32%
1 - 15%
0 - 0%.

85.7%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes to Support Survivors of Human Trafficking

CriteriaDedicated programmes for urvivors of human trafficking should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 provides the following services:
Human trafficking hotline
Human trafficking shelter
Basic necessities (food, clothing, housing, etc.)
Health services
Legal services
Job training programmes
Educational services
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of human trafficking exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective.

The Modern Slavery Act 2015 requires some commercial organisations to prepare annual statements outlining steps the organisation has taken to ensure human trafficking is not taking place in their supply chain. Northern Ireland’s anti-trafficking law criminalised the purchase of sexual services. The government did not report efforts to reduce the demand for forced labour. UK law allows authorities to prosecute citizens for sexual offences committed against children overseas, but the government did not report prosecuting or convicting any nationals engaged in child sex tourism abroad.The government did not provide anti-trafficking training or guidance for its diplomatic personnel. The government did not report providing anti-trafficking training to UK troops prior to deployment abroad as part of international peacekeeping missions in 2014.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with Palermo Protocol and Beijing Platform for Action. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%

42.9%
Implementation Dedicated Programmes to Support Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

CriteriaDedicated programmes for refugees, asylum seekers, and IDPs should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2015 provides the following services:
State refugee/IDP strategy exists
Basic necessities (food, clothing, housing, etc.) are provided
Health services are available
Legal services are available
Job training programmes are available
Educational services are available
Community engagement/integration programmes are available
Comment

While a wide range of services and resources are made available to refugees, asylum seekers, and IDPs, these services are usually provided by local service providers, therefore making these services and resources less available in some geographic locations.

Total population of refugees, stateless persons, IDPs, and asylum-seekers: 168,978.

The UK’s national laws are subject to the European Convention on Human Rights and the UN Refugee Convention. Unlike the Human Rights Convention, the Refugee Convention has not been directly incorporated into UK domestic law, but its provisions influence the formulation of immigration rules, and practices contrary to the Convention are not permitted.

U.K. has proposed Immigration Bill 2015 to introduce new sanctions on undocumented immigrants and "incentivise" their departure. The bill criminalises immigrants without formal status by providing the possibility of jail time if they work illegally, and stiff penalties for those who employ the.

The report by the Joint Committee on Human Rights, published last month, said that the cases of many women and girls seeking sanctuary in the UK were being handled in ways that were "completely inappropriate and fundamentally wrong". It said women had been expected to describe stories of domestic or sexual violence in front of their children or to male interpreters and faced a "culture of disbelief". It also said that women had been left destitute and vulnerable to violence during the application process.

Women detained in the Yarl’s Wood immigration detention centre are routinely humiliated by male staff who monitor them while they are dressing, showering and using the toilet, or are naked in their rooms, according to Women for Refugee Women's report into the treatment of female asylum seekers reveals.

*** While the state meets all assessed criteria, the UK asylum system is strictly controlled and complex, which may impact rights and well-being of refugees and asylum seekers.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) recommendations. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%