This tool will explore two dimensions of gender- responsive assessments, monitoring and evaluation ( M&E) . First, the tool looks at existing SSR assessment frameworks, monitoring and evaluation strategies, and how to include a gender perspective in the different tools and approaches. Second, the tool discusses gender mainstreaming initiatives in security sector institutions, including how to conduct a gender audit and M&E of gender mainstreaming. Inclusive and participatory processes of data gathering; inter- departmental cooperati on and coordi nati on; the collection and use of data disaggregated by sex, age and et hni ci t y; gender - r esponsi ve r esul t s- based management; gender-sensitive indicators; and focus group interviews are tools and methods presented and discussed in this publication.