Scorecard of United Kingdom 2010-01-01 00:00:00

United Kingdom 2010
55.0

International Actions

22.7%
Security Council Actions

13.3%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in All Security Council Open Debates

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 2 out of 15 Open Debates in 2010 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
Comment

WILPF/PeaceWomen themes covered:
General Women, Peace and Security: 2/15;
Conflict Prevention: 1/15;
Disarmament: 1/15;
Displacement and Humanitarian Response: 1/15;
Participation: 2/15;
Peace Processes: 1/15;
Peacekeeping: 0/15;
Protection: 1/15;
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding: 1/15;
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: 1/15;
Implementation: 2/15;
Justice, Rule of Law, SSR: 1/15;
Human Rights: 1/15.

S/PV.6411: "First, we still lack effective methods for understanding the problem and monitoring the impact of our work.
Secondly, women remain acutely underrepresented in peace negotiations, and they are often marginalised in efforts to build sustainable peace. We need to ensure that women are included in conflict resolution and post-conflict peacebuilding as a matter of course.
Thirdly, we must ensure that the entire international community takes responsibility for implementing resolution 1325 (2000). This requires more than just warm words; it requires meaningful actions that will ultimately make a difference to the situation of women on the ground. Making this difference, i.e. protecting women and supporting their participation in conflict resolution and peacebuilding, is a global challenge that requires action by all Member States."

MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of all Security Council open debates per year.

0.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Threats Caused by Terrorist Acts

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 0 out of 1 Open Debates on the threats caused by terrorist acts in 2010 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
Comment

**Note: Data is provided for 2012. There were no Security Council open debates on the threats caused by terrorist acts in 2010. 

MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the threats caused by terrorist acts.

0.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Maintenance of International Peace and Security

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 0 out of 2 Open Debates on the maintenance of international peace and security in 2010 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the maintenance of international peace and security.

0.0%
Inclusion of WPS-sensitive Language in the Security Council Open Debates on the Protection of Civilians

Criteria100% of the statements made by a state during the Security Council thematic open debates should include WPS-sensitive language.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom had 0 out of 2 Open Debates on the Protection of Civilians in 2010 where it made statements related to Women, Peace and Security.
MethodologyThe number of debates in which a state has used WPS-sensitive language at least once out of a total number of Security Council open debates on the protection of civilians.

100.0%
The Use of Veto

CriteriaA state should not apply its veto right.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

The United Kingdom used its veto right 0 times out of 2 vetoed draft resolutions in 2010.
 

Methodology100% - No veto right was used;
75% - A state uses its veto right in less than (or equals to) 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (no gender-sensitive language);
50% - A state uses its veto right in more than 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (no gender-sensitive language);
25% - A state uses its veto right in less than (or equals to) 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (with gender-sensitive language);
0% - A state uses its veto right in more than 50% of vetoed draft resolutions (with gender-sensitive language).

23.1%
Commitments Intended to Strengthen the Implementation of the WPS Agenda

CriteriaAll WILPF/PeaceWomen themes should be covered in the WPS commitments.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisIn its statements made at the 2010 Open Debate on Women, Peace and Security, the United Kingdom covered the following WILPF/PeaceWomen themes:
General Women, Peace and Security
Conflict Prevention
Disarmament
Participation
Peace Processes
Protection
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence
Peacekeeping
Displacement and Humanitarian Response
Human Rights
Justice, Rule of Law and Security Sector Reform
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding
Implementation
Comment

Implementation & Protection:
Approved a new National Action Plan that sets out our future commitments, including specific strategies for supporting women in priority countries including Afghanistan, Nepal and DRC.

S/PV.6411: "Making this difference, i.e. protecting women and supporting their participation in conflict resolution and peacebuilding is a global challenge that requires action by all Member States."

MethodologyThe number of WILPF/PeaceWomen themes emphasised in a statement identifies the final percentage received by a state

35.0%
Women, Peace and Security Financing

35.0%
Balance Between UN Women Total Contribution and Arms Sales Revenue

CriteriaTotal contribution to UN Women should increase overtime while Arms Sales Revenue should decrease overtime.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Revenue Arms Transfer: $1,151,000,000
__________________________________________

UN Women Government Total Contribution: $7,200,000

The United Kingdom receives 35% due to the high difference between the Arms Transfer Revenue and UN Women Total Contribution.

Comment

Revenue Arms Transfer in 2009: $1,050,000,000
__________________________________________

UN Women Government Total Contribution in 2009: $6,700,000

In November 2010, the renewed and much strengthened ‘UK National Action Plan on UNSCR 1325 Women Peace and Security’ (UK NAP) was launched, providing a framework to ensure that UNSCR 1325 is incorporated into the UK government’s defense, diplomatic and development policy and activity, with the Department for International Development (DFID), the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and Ministry of Defense (MOD) holding joint responsibility for its development and implementation. It has bilateral sections, with specific commitments in Afghanistan, Democratic Republic of Congo and Nepal. A section on the Middle East and North Africa was added to the February 2012 NAP revision in response to recent revolutions and uprisings;

GAPS UK gave £500,000 to support a five-year women’s empowerment programme (2005-10), implemented by the NGO WOMANKIND Worldwide, which promotes women’s equal participation in governance; builds awareness of women’s rights among civil society and policymakers; and works on providing educational, health, and psycho-social support to women;

The UK has assisted in promoting a film on SGBV, The Greatest Silence: Rape in the Congo, at the Congolese parliament, which was supported by prominent Congolese politicians. The UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) funded subtitling the film into local languages.54 The UK plan to provide additional support (up to £1.25 million) to facilitate the handling of sexual violence cases and the creation of a special cell as part of the Restoration of the Judicial System in Congo (REJUSCO), a justice rehabilitation project in eastern DRC.

The United Kingdom receives 35% due to the high difference between the Arms Transfer Revenue and UN Women Total Contribution.

MethodologyA grade varies depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative consistency in spendings, ratio between the arms transfer revenue and the UN Women contribution, etc.):
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (90-100%);
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (79-89%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (68-78%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (57-67%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue decreases (46-56%);
UN Women Contribution increases; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (35-45%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue does not change (24-34%);
UN Women Contribution does not change; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (13-23%);
UN Women Contribution decreases; Arms Transfer Revenue increases (0-12%).

87.6%
International Gender and Human Rights Indicators

82.3%
Ranking via Gender Inequality Index (GII)

CriteriaA state should be ranked first in the Gender Inequality Index (GII).
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom was ranked 34 among 187 participating countries in 2010.
Comment

**Note: Gender Inequality Index ranking is provided for 2011. Information for 2010 is not available.

HDI (2011) (Human Development Index):
The United Kingdom was ranked 26th.

The United Kingdom is included in the "Very High Human Development" category.

Some 61 countries have statutory retirement ages that force women to retire earlier than men, typically five years earlier, despite women’s longer life expectancy. Among them are very high HDI countries, such as the United Kingdom. Such discriminatory policies can be a disincentive to hire, promote and invest in women (p. 77).

Methodology100% is received by a state that is ranked 1st; 0% is received by a state that is ranked last.

89.5%
Ranking via Global Gender Gap Index

CriteriaA state should be ranked first in the Gender Gap Index.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom was was ranked 15 among 134 participating countries in 2010.
Methodology100% is received by a state that is ranked 1st; 0% is received by a state that is ranked last.

90.9%
Ratification of International Human Rights Treaties

CriteriaA state ratifies all international human rights gender-sensitive treaties.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom has signed and possibly ratified the following International Human Rights Treaties in 2010:
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - signed
Universal Declaration of Human Rights - ratified
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - signed
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights - ratified
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - signed
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights - ratified
Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages - signed
Convention on Consent to Marriage, Minimum Age for Marriage and Registration of Marriages - ratified
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women - signed
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women - ratified
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women - signed
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women - ratified
Protocol to Prevent, Supress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, to The Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime - signed
Protocol to Prevent, Supress, and Punish Trafficking in Persons, especially Women and Children, to The Convention Against Transnational Organized Crime - ratified
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others - signed
Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others - ratified
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War - signed
Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War - ratified
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) - signed
Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and Relating to the Protection of Victims of Non-International Armed Conflicts (Protocol II) - ratified
Arms Trade Treaty - signed
Arms Trade Treaty - ratified
Methodology100% is received by a state that has signed and ratified all International Human Rights Treaties. Ratification of a treaty provides a state with a full point; a signature (without ratification) provides a state with half of a point.
11 - 99-100%;
10 - 90%;
9 - 81%;
8 - 72%;
7 - 63%;
6 - 54%;
5 - 45%;
4 - 36%;
3 - 27%;
2 - 18%;
1 - 9%;
0 - 0%

62.4%
Peacekeeping Operations

24.8%
Contribution of Troops, Police and Military Experts

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in peacekeeping.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom provided 31 women out of 250 peacekeepers in 2010.
Comment

Women from the United Kingdom are on duty in the following peacekeeping missions:

MONUC (0),

UNAMA (0),

UNAMI (0),

UNFICYP (31),

UNMIS (0).

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in peacekeeping, a state that ensures 50% of its personnel are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a score that depends on the percentage of female personnel contributed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.
Data is provided by the United Nations (Department of Peacekeeping Operations).

100.0%
Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (SEA) Allegedly Committed by Peacekeepers

CriteriaThere should be a "zero tolerance" policy with respect to sexual exploitation and abuse.
Note*: Information on SEA is gathered based on publicly available information. Official statistics are available starting from 2015.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Peacekeepers from the UK were involved in 0 out of 85 allegations against civilian, military, police and other peacekeeping personnel in 2010.

 

Comment

The representatives of the United Kingdom made no statements at the meetings of the Security Council on its position on the sexual exploitation and abuse committed by peacekeepers.

MethodologyIn line with the UN "zero tolerance" policy, at least one allegation of sexual abuse provides a state with 0%.
states that have not been involved in the SEA allegations receives 100%.
National Actions

35.2%
Prevention

70.0%
Partnership Between Womens Civil Society Organisations and the Government

CriteriaThere should be a funded and governmentally-supported women's civil society landscape.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Governmental support for women's civil society:
- Engagement in joint government/NGO efforts: Yes
- Funding provided by the government: Yes

The United Kingdom receives 70% because:
Even though the government is engaged in collabouration with women's civil society and provides financial support to women's organisations, the number of projects on the WPS agenda in existence is low, and mass-surveillance - in accordance with national security and anti-terrorisim efforts - restricts civil society freedoms (i.e.: freedom of the press, freedom of public association).

Comment

Key women's organisation's (Women's Resource Centre) efforts in regard to gender issues include the following:
- Number of conferences: 10+;
- Number of publications: 10 (project reports);
- Social services provided: support member women NGOs to be more effective and sustainable through training, and we lobby the government on their behalf on a range of women’s issues.

Types of social support provided:
Education: Yes
Anti-violence: Yes
Women's empowerment: Yes
Gender-related training: Yes
Political participation: Yes
Anti-human trafficking: Yes
Women's health: Yes
Lobbying and policymaking: Yes
Fundraising: Yes

Number of officially registered NGO charities by year:
2010: 162,415

The Women's Resource Centre is the leading national umbrella body for women's charities, with over 500 members. The centre provides training, information, resources and one-to-one support on a range of organisational development issues while also lobbying decision makers on behalf of the women’s not-for-profit sector for improved representation and funding.

The UK's Department for International Development has committed 85.10% (£502.5m) in aid to governmental and civil society organisations/projects. Out of this amount, 6.83% (£34.3m) is committed to women's organisations and institutions.

The UK hosted the following high-level events in 2010:
- Gender, Work and organisation 6th Biennial International Interdisciplinary Conference;
- Gender in Practice: An interdisciplinary conference on the practical turn in gender and sexuality;
- Women Deliver Conference;
- Countdown to 2015: Challenging orthodoxies related to SRH and HIV.

MethodologyWhen there is both financial support from the government and active collabouration between the government and civil society, a state receives from 80% to 100% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is either only financial support from the government or only active collabouration between the government and civil society, a state receives from 60% to 79% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is neither financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and where there are no restrictions applied on womens organisation, a state receives from 40% to 59% depending on circumstances (i.e.: kinds of services provided by civil society, etc.);

When there is neither both financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and when government provides services for women, a state receives from 20% to 39% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.);

When there is neither financial support from the government nor active collabouration between the government and civil society and when there are several restrictions on civil society, a state receives from 0% to 19% depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative assessment; decrease/increase in the number of projects, etc.).

40.0%
Special Gender-Specific Training of Security and Law Enforcement Personnel

CriteriaSpecial gender-specific training for law enforcement and security sector should exist.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom implemented the following training standards in 2010:
Assessment of gender-sensitive training is present
Overall training objective is gender sensitive
Gender parity among trainers and trainees
Women's organisations or gender-related societal leaders are engaged to provide contextual perspective on gender within the security sector
Follow-up communication and gender-related knowledge dissemination methods are established
MethodologyThe criteria is determined in line with the UN Women guidelines (developed in partnership with the Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces (DCAF) and the European Union).
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

30.8%
National Action Plan on the Implementation of UNSC Resolution 1325 bases on WPS Themes

CriteriaA state has implemented a 1325 National Action Plan. All WILPF/PeaceWomen themes should be covered.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom implements UNSC Resolution 1325 and covers following Peacewomen Themes 2010:
General Women, Peace and Security
Conflict Prevention
Disarmament
Participation
Peace Processes
Protection
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence
Peacekeeping
Displacement and Humanitarian Response
Human Rights
Justice, Rule of Law and Security Sector Reform
Reconstruction and Peacebuilding
Implementation
Comment

The 2010 UK NAP has the following pillars:
Support to the United Nations;
Training and policing;
Gender Justice;
Disarmament;
Partnership with NGOs.
 

MethodologyThe grade is determined on the basis of a number of WILPF/PeaceWomen themes that are emphasized in a 1325 National Action Plan (NAP). A NAP that emphasizes all WILPF/PeaceWomen themes receives 100%.

0.0%
Balance between the 1325 National Action Plan (NAP) Budget and Military Expenditure.

CriteriaThe 1325 National Action Plan budget should increase overtime while military expenditure should decrease overtime.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Military Expenditure: $58,083,000,000
______

The NAP does not include an allocated or an estimated budget. 

Comment

Military Expenditure in 2009: $57,915,000,000
______

There is no estimated or allocated budget in the 2014 draught NAP. In fact, the UK NAP explains their decision to keep a budget out of the NAP in order to prevent a budget from confining them to implement women, peace and security to one area when they believe it should be integrated into every sector.

The UK NAP does mention its intent to allocate a budget for monitoring and evaluation.

The NAP focuses primarily on monitoring and evaluating how effective the UK is at promoting women, peace and security abroad. It states, "specialists will consider the extent to which Women, Peace and Security was mainstreamed across the UK's diplomatic, defence, and development activities, where appropriate." In addition, there will be an effort to collect country-specific data on violence against women and girls and the impact of female representatives on policy (more to be given in the final draught).

MethodologyA grade varies depending on circumstances (i.e.: positive/negative consistency in spendings, ratio between the NAP budget and military expenditure, etc.):

NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure decreases (90-100%)
NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure does not change (79-89%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure decreases (68-78%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure does not change (57-67%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure decreases (46-56%)
NAP Budget increases; Military Expenditure increases (35-45%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure does not change (24-34%)
NAP Budget does not change; Military Expenditure increases (13-23%)
NAP Budget decreases; Military Expenditure increases (1-12%)
No NAP/No NAP Budget (0%)

53.7%
Participation

39.5%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Parliament

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in Parliament.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Women made up 19.75% of the Parliament.

Comment

Lower:19.5%;

Upper:20.0%.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in Parliament, a state that ensures 50% of its parliamentarians are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female parliamentarians employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

34.0%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Ministerial Positions

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in ministerial positions.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

17% of ministerial positions were held by women.

Comment

Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.20

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in the ministerial positions, a state that ensures 50% of its ministers are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female ministers employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

51.4%
Percentage of Women's Participation in Law Enforcement

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in law enforcement
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

25.7% of law enforcement positions were held by women.

Comment

Senior-ranked Female Chief Inspectors: 14.3%
Constable-ranked Female Officers: 28.6%

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in law enforcement, a state that ensures 50% of its law enforcement agents are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female law enforcement agents employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.
Resources

"Police Service Strength: 2010," Home Office Stastial Bulletin

*Note: Police Service Statistical Strength resource assesses data from only England and Wales.

41.2%
Percentage of Women's Participation in the Judiciary

CriteriaThere should be equal participation of women and men in the judiciary.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

20.6% of judges in the United Kingdom were women.

Comment

Female: 742;
Male: 2,856.

MethodologyConsidering that there should be equal participation of men and women in the judiciary, a state that ensures 50% of its judges are females receives 100%. Otherwise, a state earns a grade that depends on the percentage of female judges employed by a state on the basis of the expected ratio.

69.0%
Percentage of Women's Participation in the Labour Force

CriteriaWomen should have equal access to employment opportunities.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Women's labour participation rate was 69%.

Comment

Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.84

Unemployment rate (percentage of female/male labour force):
Female: 5%;
Male: 6%.

Estimated earned income (PPP US$):
Female: 28,421;
Male: 40,000;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.71

Legislators, senior officials, and managers (%):
Female: 35, Male: 65;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.53

Professional and technical workers (%):
Female: 47, Male: 53;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 0.90

MethodologyData collected from the Gender Gap Index (GGI) on the basis of its methodology.

87.3%
Access to Education

CriteriaThere should be equal access to all levels of education.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis

Enrolment in primary education: 100%;

Enrolment in secondary education: 95%;

Enrolment in tertiary education: 67%.
 

Comment

The enrolment difference between males and females is provided below (The theoretical maximum value is 100%. Increasing trends are considered a reflection of improving coverage at the specified level of education):

Literacy rate (%):
Female: 99;
Male: 99;
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.

Enrolment in primary education
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.

Enrolment in secondary education
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.03.

Enrolment in tertiary education
Ratio (0 = Inequality, 1 = Equality): 1.40.

MethodologyData collected from the Gender Gap Index (GGI) and UNESCO, developed on the basis of their respective methodologies.

71.0%
Protection

66.7%
Presence of Gendered Perspective in Legal Framework

CriteriaGender should be mainstreamed throughout legal framework in accordance with the international law.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis Legal framework in the United Kingdom includes the following gender-sensitive laws and constitutional provisions in 2010:
Women and men are guaranteed the rights to vote, to hold public office, and to exercise public functions
Gender perspective incorporated into the constitution
Women and men are guaranteed the right to non-discrimination in education, employment and economic, and social activities
Women and men are guaranteed full equality in civil and business matters
Women and men are guaranteed equal rights and obligations with regard to choice of spouse, parenthood, personal rights, and command over property
Women and men are guaranteed reproductive rights
Women and men are guaranteed equal pay for equal work
Women and men are guaranteed the right to live lives free from violence
Gender sensitive laws and constitutional previsions
Comment

While gender perspecives within the legal frameworks exist, they are not always fully effective and discrimination (i.e.: gender, racial, and economic discrimination) can cause some groups to have disproportionate challenges equally accessing justice and utilizing their rights.

Unlike many other nations, the United Kingdom has no single constitutional document, and is instead the sum of laws and principles that make up the "unwritten" constitution of the United Kingdom.

The Constitution guarantees equal treatment based on gender, while additionally including provisions for potential positive action based on gender.

Presence of gender perspective in the UK Constitution:
- European Communities Act (1972);
- Human Rights Act (1998).

Presence of gender perspective in the UK Legal framework:
- Equal Pay Act (1970);
- Sex Discrimination Act (1975);
- Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations (2003);
- UK Equality Act 2006;
- UK Gender Equality Duty 2007;
- UK Equality Act 2007;
- The Maternity and Parental Leave etc. and the Paternity and Adoption Leave (Amendment) Regulations (2006);
- UK Equality Act 2010;
- UK Equality Strategy – Building a Fairer Britain (2006 –2016);
- UK Strategy “Think, Act, Report” (Gender Equality in the Workplace);
- Equal Pay Act (1970);
- Sex Discrimination Act (1975);
- Maternity Leave and Pay Regulations (1975);
- Paternity Leave and Pay Regulations (2003);
- Flexible Working Regulations (2003);
- Equality Act (2010);
- The UK Government has established a new Inter-Ministerial Group on Equalities to develop and oversee implementation of a strategy to deliver the Government's equality commitments (2011);
- Multi-agency statutory guidance on female genital mutilation (2016);
- Strategy to end violence against women and girls: 2016 to 2020.

Methodology8 - 100%
7 - 87.5%
6 - 75%
5 - 62.5%
4 - 50%
3 - 37.5%
2 - 25%
1 - 12.5%
0 - 0%

Necessary legal framework is determined in accordance with the principles of the core human rights treaties (i.e.: the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR), the International Covenant on Civil and political Rights (ICCPR), the International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)).

57.1%
Access to Justice

CriteriaWomen's unrestricted access to justice exists.
Analysis/Comments
Analysis The following protections are guaranteed by the United Kingdom in 2010:
Equal access to formal legal dispute systems and the right to legal representation
Non-discrimination law
Existence of courts and judicial bodies
Financial affordability of access to legal proceedings and/or legal aid
Free access to an interpreter during legal proceedings
Victim protection
Existence of gender units within justice institutions
Comment

While legal frameworks exist, they are not always fully effective, and discrimination (i.e.: gender, racial, and economic discrimination) can cause some groups to have disproportionate challenges equally accessing justice and utilising their rights.

MethodologyThe necessary protections represent the CEDAW standard on women's access to justice.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%"

100.0%
Protections Against Human Trafficking

CriteriaA state should be in compliance with minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking in persons.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 is in:
Complete compliance with the minimum standards
Partial compliance with the minimum standards
Non-compliance with the minimum standards
Comment

The government of the United Kingdom fully complies with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking. The government continued to take steps to establish a victim-centred response and instituted reforms to reflect the importance of trafficking on its national agenda. Local experts and observers, however, continued to report inadequate and inconsistent protection efforts for trafficking victims in the UK, and the late 2009 closure of the government’s specialist anti-trafficking police unit in London raised concerns over prospects for improved anti-trafficking efforts.

MethodologyAdherence is measured in accordance with the “Palermo Protocols” and grading system developed by the US state Department’s annual report on trafficking in persons.
Full compliance: 100%
Partial Compliance: 50%
Non-Compliance: 0%

60.0%
Protections Against Sexual Violence.

CriteriaA state should be in compliance with minimum standards for the elimination of sexual violence.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 has the following services in place:
Existence of a law against sexual violence
Governmental efforts to eliminate sexual violence nationally
Existence of a national crisis hotline
Existence of women's shelters
Existence of women's rape crisis centres
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of sexual violence exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective. 

The government published a strategic vision, outlining its ambition to end violence against women and girls.

MethodologyThe standard is derived from the CEDAW and Istanbul Convention.
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

72.4%
Recovery Support

80.0%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes Serving the Needs of Veterans

CriteriaDedicated programmes for female veterans should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 provides the following services:
Female veterans affairs offices exist in urban and rural areas
Economic benefits (i.e. disability, housing) exist
Health service benefits (i.e. free veterans health insurance, gender-sensitive PTSD care) exist
Educational benefits exist
Employment services exist
Comment

While veterans services for women veterans exist, the quality of service, outreach to engage female veterans in service access and utalisation, and the availability of gender-sensitive services at all locations are not fully effective.

Since 1921, the British Royal Legion provided practical support to serving men and women, veterans (ex-Service of all ages) and their families. 

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the international concept of the responsibility to protect. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
5 - 100%
4 - 80%
3 - 60%
2 - 40%
1 - 20%
0 - 0%

66.7%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes to Support Survivors of Sexual Violence

CriteriaDedicated programmes for survivors of sexual violence should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 provides the following services:
National crisis hotline
Women's shelters
Women's rape crisis centres
Counseling services
National sex-offender list or website
Support groups for victims/survivors
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of sexual violence exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective. 

1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline;

920 shelters run by 330 separate organisations;

46 Rape Crisis Centres run by independent women’s NGO;

30 Sexual Assault Referral Centres (SARCs) run by the Health Service.

Northern Ireland:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline;

13 shelters run by local Women’s Aid groups;

10 local Women’s Aid groups deliver a range of support services to women and children who experienced domestic violence.

Scotland:
2 national 24 hour free women’s helplines;

45 women’s shelters run by Edinburgh Women’s Aid.

Wales:
1 national 24 hour free women’s helpline run by Welsh Women’s Aid;

47 shelters run by 36 organisations.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the CEDAW, Istanbul Convention and Beijing Platform for Action. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
6 - 100%
5 - 83%
4 - 66%
3 - 49%
2 - 32%
1 - 15%
0 - 0%.

42.9%
Implementation of Dedicated Programmes to Support Survivors of Human Trafficking

CriteriaDedicated programmes for urvivors of human trafficking should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 provides the following services:
Human trafficking hotline
Human trafficking shelter
Basic necessities (food, clothing, housing, etc.)
Health services
Legal services
Job training programmes
Educational services
Comment

While specialised services to support victims/survivors of human trafficking exist, the service quality, resource provision, geographic availability, adequate service availability based on national demand, and the functionality of national mechanism are not fully effective. 

In April, the UK initiated a National Referral Mechanism (NRM), which included a 45-day reflection period for potential trafficking victims. The government provided significant funding for its specialised shelter for adult women trafficking victims, awarding it $5.7 million for the two-year period of 2009- 2011. The government expanded funding to this NGO to extend its assistance to women subjected to involuntary domestic servitude. The NGO was able to expand its capacity to 54 and to assist an increased number of trafficking victims during the last year. The government published updated legal guidance in March 2009 to emphasise the role of the prosecutor in identifying potential trafficking victims who may have committed crimes while under duress or coercion by their traffickers. It continued to provide foreign victims with legal alternatives to their removal to countries where they face hardship or retribution through established asylum procedures.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with Palermo Protocol and Beijing Platform for Action. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%

100.0%
Implementation Dedicated Programmes to Support Refugees, Asylum Seekers, and Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs)

CriteriaDedicated programmes for refugees, asylum seekers, and IDPs should be in place.
Analysis/Comments
AnalysisThe United Kingdom in 2010 provides the following services:
State refugee/IDP strategy exists
Basic necessities (food, clothing, housing, etc.) are provided
Health services are available
Legal services are available
Job training programmes are available
Educational services are available
Community engagement/integration programmes are available
Comment

While a wide range of services and resources are made available to refugees, asylum seekers, and IDPs, these services are usually provided by local service providers, therefore making these services and resources less available in some geographic locations.

Total population of refugees, stateless persons, IDPs, and asylum-seekers: 253,235

In 2010, 5,329 women claimed asylum in their own right compared to 12,571 men.
The UN has acknowledged that refugee women are more affected by violence than any other women’s population in the world. This results from the multiple situations of vulnerability in which refugee women find themselves.

The Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act (2002) provides the general framework for asylum and refugee status eligibility. The UK’s resettlement programme is referred to as the Gateway Protection Programme (GPP), and the programme and legal framework for international collabouration and funding for resettlement are discussed in Section 59 of this Act. The UK’s national laws are subject to the European Convention on Human Rights and the UN Refugee Convention. Unlike the Human Rights Convention, the Refugee Convention has not been directly incorporated into UK domestic law, but its provisions influence the formulation of immigration rules, and practices contrary to the Convention are not permitted.

*** While the State meets all assessed criteria, the UK asylum system is strictly controlled and complex, which may impact rights and well-being of refugees and asylum seekers.

MethodologyThe standard is determined in line with the UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) recommendations. A state receives a full point only when it is in full compliance with the determined obligation.
7 - 100%
6 - 85%
5 - 70%
4 - 55%
3 - 40%
2 - 25%
1 - 10%
0 - 0%